Adenosine diphosphate
Adenosine Diphosphate
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), pronounced as /əˈdɛnəˌsiːn daɪˈfɒsfeɪt/, is an important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells.
Etymology
The term "adenosine diphosphate" is derived from the Greek words "adenos", meaning gland, and "diphosphate", referring to the presence of two phosphate groups.
Definition
Adenosine diphosphate is a nucleoside diphosphate. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside adenosine. ADP consists of the pyrimidine base adenine linked to the 1' carbon of the ribose sugar, and with two phosphate groups attached to the 5' carbon.
Function
ADP is produced by several enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is a product of many enzymatic reactions and is involved in energy transfer. When a phosphate group is added to ADP, energy is stored which can be used later by the cell. This process is called phosphorylation.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Adenosine diphosphate
- Wikipedia's article - Adenosine diphosphate
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