Angiosperms
Angiosperms
Angiosperms (pronounced: /ˈændʒi.oʊˌspɜːrm/), also known as flowering plants, are the most diverse group of land plants, with approximately 64 orders, 416 families, approximately 13,000 known genera and 300,000 known species. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words "angeion" meaning "vessel" and "sperma" meaning "seed".
Etymology
The term "angiosperm" comes from the Greek words "angeion" (ἀγγεῖον) meaning "vessel" and "sperma" (σπέρμα) meaning "seed". This refers to the unique characteristic of angiosperms, where the seeds are enclosed within a fruit, which is derived from the mature ovary of a flower.
Characteristics
Angiosperms are characterized by having seeds that are enclosed within an ovary (usually a fruit). They are also distinguished by their flowers, which are used for sexual reproduction. Angiosperms also have well-differentiated plant bodies consisting of roots, stems, and leaves. Most angiosperms are vascular plants with well-developed xylem and phloem tissues.
Classification
Angiosperms are classified into two main groups: the Monocots and the Dicots. Monocots, or monocotyledons, have one seed leaf (cotyledon), while dicots, or dicotyledons, have two.
Evolution
The origin and early evolution of angiosperms is still a matter of debate among scientists. However, it is generally agreed that angiosperms first appeared in the Mesozoic Era, around 140 million years ago.
Economic Importance
Angiosperms represent the most economically important group of plants. They include all grains, most fruits, many vegetables, and many types of wood and fibers. They are also the primary source of food for humans and wildlife.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Angiosperms
- Wikipedia's article - Angiosperms
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