Beta-adrenergic receptor

The Beta-adrenergic receptor (pronounced: BAY-tuh ad-ruh-NER-jik ree-SEP-ter), also known as beta receptor, is a type of protein that responds to the hormones epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) in the sympathetic nervous system. These receptors are part of the larger family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).

Etymology

The term "Beta-adrenergic receptor" is derived from the Greek word "βήτα" (beta), the second letter of the Greek alphabet, and "adrenergic" which comes from "adrenaline", a hormone produced in the adrenal glands. The term "receptor" is used because these proteins receive signals from other parts of the body.

Types

There are three known types of beta-adrenergic receptors:

Beta-1 adrenergic receptors (β1) are primarily found in the heart and kidneys.
Beta-2 adrenergic receptors (β2) are primarily found in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, liver, uterus, vascular smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle.
Beta-3 adrenergic receptors (β3) are primarily found in adipose tissue.

Function

Beta-adrenergic receptors play a crucial role in the fight-or-flight response by increasing heart rate, dilating blood vessels, and increasing blood flow to muscles. They also play a role in the regulation of metabolism, thermoregulation, and neurotransmitter release.

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Beta-adrenergic receptor

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