Blepharitis

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Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Blepharitis
Synonyms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Redness, itching, swelling of the eyelids
Complications	Dry eye syndrome, chalazion, keratitis
Onset	Any age
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Bacterial infection, seborrheic dermatitis, rosacea
Risks	Poor eyelid hygiene, contact lens use, makeup
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, slit lamp
Differential diagnosis	Conjunctivitis, meibomian gland dysfunction
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Eyelid hygiene, antibiotics, steroids
Medication	Topical antibiotics, oral antibiotics, topical steroids
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Blepharitis refers to a common and often persistent inflammatory condition of the eyelids. The nature of this condition may cause a variety of symptoms that may range from mild discomfort to more severe manifestations that could potentially alter the eyelid structure.

Blepharitis

Symptoms

Symptoms associated with blepharitis include a sensation of grittiness or a foreign body in the eye. Eyelid discomfort is also frequently reported and could present as soreness or itchiness. In more severe instances, changes in eyelid and eyelash structure might occur, leading to complications like trichiasis, where the eyelashes grow inward.

Causes

Blepharitis is often linked with skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis, which are characterized by skin dryness and inflammation. Additionally, the presence of styes, which are painful, small abscesses on the eyelid, is more frequent in individuals suffering from blepharitis.

Pathophysiology

The chronic inflammation seen in blepharitis can result from several factors, including bacterial eyelid infection, meibomian gland dysfunction (which leads to oil imbalance in the tear film), or allergies.

Treatment

While blepharitis does not have a definitive cure, several strategies can be employed to manage the symptoms and prevent complications:

• Eyelid hygiene: Regular cleaning of the eyelids can help reduce the buildup of crusts and scales. This can be achieved through warm compresses and gentle scrubbing of the eyelids with baby shampoo or special lid-cleansing products.
• Infection control: Topical antibiotic ointments or drops can be applied to the eyelid margin to mitigate secondary infections.
• Tear substitutes: The use of artificial tears can help alleviate symptoms, particularly in individuals who also suffer from dry eye syndrome due to meibomian gland dysfunction.

Education on maintaining eyelid hygiene and regular follow-up care are crucial components of managing this condition. In cases where blepharitis is associated with skin conditions, managing the underlying condition is also necessary.

See Also

• Dry Eye Syndrome
• Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
• Eczema
• Psoriasis

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