CD86
CD86
CD86 (pronounced "C-D-eight-six"), also known as B7-2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD86 gene.
Etymology
The term "CD86" is derived from the system of Cluster of Differentiation, a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules present on leukocytes. CD86 was the 86th cluster of differentiation identified.
Function
CD86 is a type of protein that plays a crucial role in the process of antigen presentation. It is a ligand for two different proteins, CD28 and CTLA-4, found on the surface of T-cells. The interaction between CD86 and these proteins provides co-stimulatory signals necessary for T cell activation and survival.
Clinical Significance
CD86 has been found to be involved in various diseases, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases. It is a target for certain drugs used in the treatment of these conditions, such as abatacept and belatacept, which are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and prevent organ transplant rejection, respectively.
Related Terms
- CD80: Another protein that provides co-stimulatory signals for T cell activation. CD80 and CD86 are often mentioned together as they share similar functions and mechanisms.
- Immune response: The reaction of the immune system to foreign substances. CD86 plays a key role in initiating this response.
- Antigen-presenting cell: A type of immune cell that displays antigens to T-cells. CD86 is found on the surface of these cells.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on CD86
- Wikipedia's article - CD86
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