Catabolite repression
Catabolite Repression
Catabolite repression (pronounced: kuh-TAB-uh-lite reh-PREH-shun) is a cellular mechanism in many bacteria that prevents the use of certain carbon sources when more preferable carbon sources are available. This mechanism is primarily controlled by the cAMP receptor protein (CRP), also known as the catabolite gene activator protein (CAP).
Etymology
The term "catabolite repression" is derived from the words "catabolite", which refers to a substance that is the end product of a metabolic pathway, and "repression", which in this context refers to the inhibition of gene expression.
Mechanism
In the presence of a preferred carbon source such as glucose, the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the cell decrease. This leads to a decrease in the activation of the cAMP receptor protein (CRP), which in turn leads to a decrease in the transcription of genes involved in the metabolism of other carbon sources. This process is known as catabolite repression.
Related Terms
- Catabolism: The set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units to release energy.
- Anabolism: The set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units.
- Metabolism: The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
- Gene expression: The process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product.
- Transcription (genetics): The first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Catabolite repression
- Wikipedia's article - Catabolite repression
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