Citronella oil
Citronella Oil
Citronella oil (/sɪtrəˈnɛlə/; from the French citronnelle) is an essential oil obtained from the leaves and stems of different species of Cymbopogon (lemongrass). The oil is used extensively as a source of perfumery chemicals such as citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol. These chemicals find extensive use in soap, candles and incense, perfumery, cosmetic, and flavoring industries throughout the world.
Etymology
The term "citronella" is derived from the French word citronnelle, which means "lemon balm". This is due to the strong citrusy aroma of the plant from which the oil is extracted.
Production
Citronella oil is obtained through the steam distillation of the leaves and stems of the Cymbopogon species. The two main types of citronella oil are Cymbopogon nardus (Ceylon type) and Cymbopogon winterianus (Java type). The Java type is considered higher in quality due to its higher levels of citronellal and geraniol.
Uses
Citronella oil is popularly used as an insect repellent. In addition, it is also used in soaps, candles, and aromatherapy. The oil is also used in the perfume industry due to its fresh, powerful, and lemon-like aroma.
Related Terms
- Cymbopogon: A genus of about 55 species of grasses, native to warm temperate and tropical regions of the Old World and Oceania. It is a tall perennial grass.
- Citronellal: The main component in the mixture of terpenoid chemical compounds that give citronella oil its distinctive lemon scent.
- Citronellol: A natural acyclic monoterpenoid, which is a major component of citronella oil.
- Geraniol: A monoterpenoid and an alcohol, which is a component of citronella oil. It is used in perfumes for its rose-like scent.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Citronella oil
- Wikipedia's article - Citronella oil
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