Collagen, type VII, alpha 1

Collagen, Type VII, Alpha 1

Collagen, type VII, alpha 1 is a crucial protein in the human body, primarily known for its role in the structure and function of the skin. It is encoded by the COL7A1 gene and is a major component of anchoring fibrils, which are essential for the stability of the dermal-epidermal junction.

Structure

Collagen type VII is a homotrimer, meaning it is composed of three identical alpha chains. Each chain is encoded by the COL7A1 gene. The protein is characterized by a long triple-helical domain flanked by non-collagenous domains at both the N- and C-termini. The triple-helical domain is rich in glycine and proline, which are typical of collagenous sequences.

Function

The primary function of collagen type VII is to form anchoring fibrils that connect the epidermal basement membrane to the underlying dermis. This connection is vital for maintaining the structural integrity of the skin, allowing it to withstand mechanical stress and providing a barrier against external insults.

Clinical Significance

Mutations in the COL7A1 gene can lead to a rare genetic disorder known as Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (DEB). This condition is characterized by fragile skin that blisters easily in response to minor trauma. DEB can vary in severity, with some forms being life-threatening. The absence or dysfunction of collagen type VII results in a compromised dermal-epidermal junction, leading to the clinical manifestations of the disease.

Research and Therapeutic Approaches

Research into collagen type VII has focused on understanding its role in skin integrity and developing therapies for conditions like DEB. Gene therapy, protein replacement therapy, and cell-based therapies are being explored as potential treatments. Advances in CRISPR-Cas9 technology have also opened new avenues for correcting genetic mutations in the COL7A1 gene.

Also see

• Collagen
• Epidermolysis Bullosa
• Dermal-Epidermal Junction
• Gene Therapy

Collagen
Overview
Type	Protein
Function	Structural component of connective tissues
Location	Skin, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, blood vessels
Types
Type I collagen Type II collagen Type III collagen Type IV collagen Type V collagen
Related Topics
Collagen synthesis Collagen diseases Collagen supplements Collagen fibers
See Also
Elastin Glycosaminoglycan Fibroblast Extracellular matrix

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  Collagen VII