Deep cervical lymph nodes

Deep Cervical Lymph Nodes

Diagram of the lymphatic system, including the deep cervical lymph nodes.

The deep cervical lymph nodes are a group of lymph nodes located along the internal jugular vein in the neck. They are part of the lymphatic system, which plays a crucial role in the body's immune response by filtering lymph and housing lymphocytes that help fight infection.

Anatomy

The deep cervical lymph nodes are situated deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and are divided into two main groups: the superior deep cervical nodes and the inferior deep cervical nodes.

Superior Deep Cervical Nodes

The superior deep cervical nodes are located near the angle of the mandible and receive lymph from the head and neck, including the tonsils, pharynx, and nasal cavity. These nodes are often involved in infections and malignancies of the head and neck region.

Inferior Deep Cervical Nodes

The inferior deep cervical nodes are found lower in the neck, near the clavicle. They receive lymph from the superior deep cervical nodes and drain into the thoracic duct on the left side and the right lymphatic duct on the right side.

Function

The primary function of the deep cervical lymph nodes is to filter lymphatic fluid from the head and neck region. They trap pathogens, foreign particles, and cancer cells, preventing them from spreading to other parts of the body. The nodes also produce lymphocytes, which are essential for the immune response.

Clinical Significance

Enlargement of the deep cervical lymph nodes, known as lymphadenopathy, can be a sign of infection, inflammation, or malignancy. Common causes include upper respiratory infections, infectious mononucleosis, and head and neck cancers.

Related Pages

• Lymphatic system
• Lymph node
• Immune system
• Head and neck anatomy