Disorders of calcium metabolism
Disorders of Calcium Metabolism
Disorders of calcium metabolism (/dɪsˈɔːrdərz ɒv ˈkælsɪəm mɪˈtæbəlɪzəm/), are a group of conditions that affect the balance of calcium in the body. The term is derived from the Greek words "dys" (bad), "ordo" (order), "kálcis" (lime), and "metabole" (change).
Overview
Calcium is a vital mineral that is necessary for many bodily functions, including bone health, nerve function, and muscle contraction. Disorders of calcium metabolism occur when there is an imbalance in the levels of calcium in the body, which can be either too high (hypercalcemia) or too low (hypocalcemia).
Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia (/haɪpərkælˈsiːmiə/) is a condition characterized by abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood. It can be caused by various conditions, including hyperparathyroidism, cancer, and certain medications. Symptoms can include fatigue, nausea, constipation, and confusion. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause and may include medications to lower calcium levels.
Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcemia (/haɪpoʊkælˈsiːmiə/) is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood. It can be caused by various conditions, including hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, and certain medications. Symptoms can include muscle cramps, numbness, and seizures. Treatment typically involves calcium and vitamin D supplements.
Related Terms
- Parathyroid glands: These are small glands located in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone, which regulates calcium levels in the body.
- Vitamin D: This is a vitamin that is necessary for the absorption of calcium in the gut.
- Osteoporosis: This is a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, which can be caused by long-term calcium deficiency.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Disorders of calcium metabolism
- Wikipedia's article - Disorders of calcium metabolism
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