Embryonal carcinoma
Embryonal Carcinoma
Embryonal carcinoma (pronunciation: em-bree-o-nal kar-si-no-ma) is a rare form of cancer that originates from germ cells, which are cells that can develop into any type of cell in the body.
Etymology
The term "embryonal carcinoma" is derived from the Greek words "embryon" (meaning "unborn child") and "karkinos" (meaning "crab" or "cancer"). This reflects the fact that these tumors can contain cells from all three germ layers that would normally form a developing embryo.
Definition
Embryonal carcinoma is a highly malignant neoplasm (abnormal growth of tissue) that is usually found in the testes, but can also occur in the ovaries and other parts of the body. It is one of several types of germ cell tumors, which also include seminoma, teratoma, and yolk sac tumor.
Symptoms
Symptoms of embryonal carcinoma can vary depending on the location of the tumor. In men, the most common symptom is a lump in the testicle. Other symptoms can include pain, swelling, or a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum. In women, symptoms can include abdominal pain or bloating, changes in menstrual periods, or pain during sexual intercourse.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of embryonal carcinoma typically involves a physical examination, imaging tests such as an ultrasound or CT scan, and a biopsy to examine the cells of the tumor under a microscope. Blood tests may also be done to check for elevated levels of certain proteins that can be produced by germ cell tumors.
Treatment
Treatment for embryonal carcinoma usually involves surgery to remove the tumor, followed by chemotherapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. In some cases, radiation therapy may also be used.
Prognosis
The prognosis for embryonal carcinoma can vary depending on factors such as the size and location of the tumor, the patient's overall health, and how well the cancer responds to treatment. However, with early detection and treatment, many patients can achieve a good outcome.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Embryonal carcinoma
- Wikipedia's article - Embryonal carcinoma
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