Hyperammonemia

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Hyperammonemia (pronounced: hi-per-am-mo-NEE-me-uh) is a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of ammonia in the blood. It is a dangerous condition as ammonia is a highly toxic substance to the brain and can lead to encephalopathy and death if not treated promptly.

Etymology

The term "Hyperammonemia" is derived from the Greek words "hyper" meaning over, "ammo" meaning sand, and "emia" meaning presence in blood. This refers to the overabundance of ammonia, a compound typically found in the urine, in the bloodstream.

Causes

Hyperammonemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including liver disease, Reye's syndrome, certain genetic disorders, and the use of certain medications. It can also occur as a result of severe malnutrition or infection.

Symptoms

Symptoms of hyperammonemia can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include lethargy, vomiting, seizures, and coma. In severe cases, hyperammonemia can lead to brain damage and death.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of hyperammonemia typically involves a blood test to measure the level of ammonia in the blood. Additional tests may be performed to determine the underlying cause of the condition.

Treatment

Treatment for hyperammonemia typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve medication to reduce the level of ammonia in the blood, dietary changes, or in severe cases, liver transplant.

See also

External links

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