Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia (/ˌhaɪpərnəˈtriːmiə/; from Greek hyper- "over" + natrium "sodium" + -emia "condition of the blood") is a common electrolyte problem and is often seen in people who are in the hospital. It is defined as a high sodium concentration in the blood.
Definition
Hypernatremia is typically defined as a serum sodium level of more than 145 mmol/L. This condition is also known as hyperosmolar hypernatremic dehydration, which is a form of dehydration.
Causes
Hypernatremia can be caused by different conditions, including diabetes insipidus, diuretic use, hypertonic saline, sodium bicarbonate, kidney disease, and adrenal gland disorders. It can also be caused by excessive sweating, diarrhea, vomiting, and burns.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hypernatremia can include thirst, headache, nausea, vomiting, confusion, seizures, and in severe cases, coma or death.
Treatment
Treatment of hypernatremia involves treating the underlying cause and carefully lowering the sodium level in the blood. This can be done through intravenous therapy with a solution of dextrose and water, or by adjusting the patient's diet.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hypernatremia
- Wikipedia's article - Hypernatremia
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