Lumpy skin disease

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral disease that affects cattle. It is characterized by nodules on the skin and other parts of the body. The disease is caused by the Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a member of the Capripoxvirus genus.

Etiology

The causative agent of LSD is the Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a member of the Capripoxvirus genus in the family Poxviridae. The virus is closely related to the Sheeppox virus and Goatpox virus.

Clinical Signs

The disease is characterized by fever, depression, decreased milk production, and nodules on the skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs. The nodules are typically 1-5 cm in diameter and may ulcerate. Other signs may include nasal discharge, salivation, and lameness.

Transmission

LSD is primarily transmitted by biting insects, particularly mosquitoes and flies. Direct contact with infected animals or contaminated objects can also spread the disease.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on clinical signs, histopathology, and laboratory tests. The virus can be isolated from skin nodules, nasal swabs, or blood. PCR and ELISA tests can also be used to detect the virus.

Treatment and Control

There is no specific treatment for LSD. Control measures include quarantine of infected animals, insect control, and vaccination.

Economic Impact

LSD can cause significant economic losses due to decreased milk production, weight loss, and reduced fertility. The disease can also lead to trade restrictions.

See Also

• Capripoxvirus
• Sheeppox
• Goatpox
• Poxviridae

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