Methylobacteriaceae

Methylobacteriaceae

Methylobacterium jeotgali

The Methylobacteriaceae is a family of Gram-negative bacteria within the order Rhizobiales. Members of this family are known for their ability to utilize methanol and other one-carbon compounds as their sole source of carbon and energy. This metabolic capability is due to the presence of the enzyme methanol dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde.

Characteristics

Bacteria in the Methylobacteriaceae family are typically aerobic and motile, with some species exhibiting pink-pigmentation due to the presence of carotenoids. They are commonly found in a variety of environments, including soil, water, and on plant surfaces. The ability to colonize plant surfaces is facilitated by their production of biofilms, which protect the bacteria from environmental stresses and allow them to interact with the plant host.

Genera

The family Methylobacteriaceae includes several genera, with the most well-known being Methylobacterium. Other genera include Methylorubrum, Microvirga, and Methylopila. Each genus contains species with unique adaptations to their specific ecological niches.

Ecological Role

Methylobacteriaceae play a significant role in the carbon cycle by oxidizing methanol, a common byproduct of plant metabolism. This process not only helps in recycling carbon but also supports the growth of these bacteria in methanol-rich environments. Additionally, some members of this family are known to promote plant growth by producing phytohormones and facilitating nutrient uptake.

Applications

Due to their metabolic versatility, Methylobacteriaceae have potential applications in bioremediation and biotechnology. They can be used to degrade pollutants such as formaldehyde and methanol in contaminated environments. Furthermore, their ability to produce valuable compounds like vitamins and antioxidants makes them attractive for industrial applications.

Related pages

• Rhizobiales
• Methanol dehydrogenase
• Biofilm
• Carbon cycle