Metritis
Metritis is an inflammation of the uterus that can occur in female mammals. It is often caused by bacterial infections that occur after pregnancy, miscarriage, or abortion. Metritis can lead to serious health complications if not treated promptly, including infertility and, in severe cases, sepsis.
Causes
The most common cause of metritis is a bacterial infection that occurs after the uterus has been opened to the outside world, such as after giving birth or having a miscarriage or abortion. The bacteria can enter the uterus and cause inflammation. Other causes can include hormonal imbalances, physical trauma to the uterus, and certain diseases or conditions that affect the immune system.
Symptoms
Symptoms of metritis can vary depending on the severity of the inflammation. Common symptoms include:
- Abnormal vaginal discharge
- Fever
- Abdominal pain
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
In severe cases, symptoms can also include:
- Rapid heart rate
- Dehydration
- Shock
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of metritis typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Additional tests may be needed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions. These can include:
- Blood tests
- Urine tests
- Ultrasound
- Biopsy of the uterine tissue
Treatment
Treatment for metritis typically involves antibiotics to fight the bacterial infection. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required. Other treatments can include:
- Pain relief medication
- Intravenous fluids
- Surgery to remove infected tissue or, in extreme cases, the entire uterus
Prevention
Prevention of metritis can involve regular check-ups with a healthcare provider, especially after pregnancy, miscarriage, or abortion. Good hygiene practices can also help prevent bacterial infections.
See also
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
