Neonatal stroke
Neonatal Stroke
Neonatal stroke (/niːəˈneɪtəl stroʊk/), also known as newborn stroke, is a type of stroke that occurs in newborns within the first 28 days of life. The term is derived from the Greek words 'neos' (new) and 'natalis' (birth), referring to the newborn period.
Definition
A neonatal stroke is defined as a cerebrovascular accident that occurs between the 28th week of gestation and the 28th day post birth. This condition is a subtype of pediatric stroke and is divided into two categories: ischemic and hemorrhagic.
Causes
The causes of neonatal stroke are multifactorial and can include congenital heart disease, infection, dehydration, and coagulation disorders. Other risk factors include maternal history of infertility, premature birth, and preeclampsia.
Symptoms
Symptoms of neonatal stroke can vary and may include seizures, apnea, feeding difficulties, and lethargy. In some cases, the symptoms may not become apparent until later in life, such as when developmental delays or cerebral palsy occur.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of neonatal stroke involves a combination of clinical assessment, laboratory testing, and imaging studies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive and specific imaging modality for diagnosing neonatal stroke.
Treatment
Treatment for neonatal stroke is largely supportive and may include anticonvulsant therapy for seizures, physical therapy for motor impairment, and speech therapy for language development. In some cases, anticoagulant therapy may be used.
Prognosis
The prognosis for neonatal stroke is variable and depends on the severity of the stroke, the presence of underlying conditions, and the timing and effectiveness of treatment. Some infants may experience long-term neurological and developmental issues, while others may have minimal or no lasting effects.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Neonatal stroke
- Wikipedia's article - Neonatal stroke
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