Nerve injury

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Nerve injury
Synonyms	Peripheral nerve injury, neuropathy
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, pain
Complications	Chronic pain, muscle atrophy, loss of function
Onset	Acute or chronic
Duration	Varies depending on severity and treatment
Types	N/A
Causes	Trauma, compression, ischemia, inflammation
Risks	Diabetes, alcoholism, autoimmune disorders
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, nerve conduction study, electromyography
Differential diagnosis	Radiculopathy, myopathy, central nervous system disorders
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Physical therapy, medication, surgery
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Depends on cause and severity
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Sedon's classification of nerve injuries

Neuropraxia

Molecular response after nerve injury

Nerve fascicle is a bundle of nerve fibers, enclosed by a layer of connective tissue known as the perineurium. It is a component of a nerve, along with other fascicles and additional layers of connective tissue.

Structure

Each nerve fascicle contains many nerve fibers. These fibers are long, slender projections of neurons, sometimes referred to as axons or nerve cells. They transmit electrical impulses from one area of the body to another. The nerve fibers within a fascicle are surrounded by a layer of connective tissue called the endoneurium. This layer provides a supportive framework for the nerve fibers, helping to maintain their structure and function. The fascicle itself is enclosed by another layer of connective tissue, the perineurium. This layer helps to protect the nerve fibers from damage and infection. It also helps to maintain the integrity of the nerve, ensuring that the electrical impulses are transmitted efficiently.

Function

The primary function of a nerve fascicle is to transmit electrical impulses along the nerve fibers. These impulses carry information from one part of the body to another, enabling us to sense and respond to our environment. For example, when you touch a hot surface, nerve fibers in your skin transmit an impulse to your brain, which interprets this as pain and triggers a response to pull your hand away. This entire process is facilitated by the structure and function of nerve fascicles.

Clinical significance

Damage or disease affecting the nerve fascicles can lead to a range of neurological disorders. For example, peripheral neuropathy is a condition in which the peripheral nerves, including the fascicles, are damaged, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and weakness in the affected areas. Guillain-Barré syndrome is another condition that can affect the nerve fascicles. This is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the nerves, leading to weakness and numbness.

See also

• Nervous system
• Neuron
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Guillain-Barré syndrome

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