SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is a variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. It was first identified in Botswana in November 2021 and was subsequently designated as a variant of concern by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to its large number of mutations and potential implications for global public health.

Origin and identification

The Omicron variant was first identified through genomic sequencing in Botswana in November 2021. It was subsequently reported to the WHO, which designated it as a variant of concern on 26 November 2021. The variant has been named 'Omicron' as per the WHO's policy of naming variants after letters of the Greek alphabet.

Characteristics

The Omicron variant is characterized by a large number of mutations, particularly in the spike protein of the virus, which is the target of most COVID-19 vaccines. Preliminary studies suggest that these mutations may increase the transmissibility of the virus and potentially affect the efficacy of vaccines, although further research is needed to confirm these findings.

Impact

The emergence of the Omicron variant has led to increased concern among global health authorities due to its potential to spread rapidly and evade immunity from vaccination or previous infection. However, it is currently unclear whether the variant is associated with more severe disease or increased mortality.

Response

In response to the emergence of the Omicron variant, many countries have implemented travel restrictions and increased surveillance and testing efforts. Vaccine manufacturers are also studying the variant and assessing the need for updated vaccines.

See also

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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD