SN-38

SN-38 is an active metabolite of the chemotherapy drug Irinotecan. It is formed in the liver by the enzyme carboxylesterase and is known to be significantly more potent than its parent compound. SN-38 is primarily used in the treatment of colorectal cancer and is often administered in combination with other chemotherapy drugs.

Pharmacology

SN-38 is a topoisomerase I inhibitor, which means it interferes with the action of topoisomerase enzymes. These enzymes are essential for DNA replication, and by inhibiting their action, SN-38 prevents cancer cells from replicating their DNA and dividing.

Metabolism

SN-38 is metabolized in the liver by the enzyme carboxylesterase, which converts irinotecan into SN-38. This conversion is a critical step in the activation of irinotecan, as SN-38 is significantly more potent than its parent compound.

Clinical Use

SN-38 is primarily used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. It is often administered in combination with other chemotherapy drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin, in a regimen known as FOLFIRI.

Side Effects

Like all chemotherapy drugs, SN-38 can cause a range of side effects. These can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and neutropenia. In some cases, the side effects can be severe enough to require a reduction in the dose of the drug or a delay in treatment.

See Also

• Irinotecan
• Topoisomerase inhibitor
• Colorectal cancer

SN-38

• SN-38 chemical structure
  SN-38 chemical structure