Seismology

Seismology (Greek seismos=earthquake and logos=study) is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth or through other planet-like bodies. The field also includes studies of earthquake environmental effects such as tsunamis as well as diverse seismic sources such as volcanic, tectonic, oceanic, atmospheric, and artificial processes (such as explosions). A related field that uses geology to infer information regarding past earthquakes is paleoseismology. A recording of earth motion as a function of time is called a seismogram. Seismology is a major component of Earth science.

History

The word seismology is derived from the Ancient Greek words seismos (meaning "earthquake") and -logia (meaning "study of"). The field of seismology was pioneered in the 19th century by scientists such as Robert Mallet, who is considered the father of seismology.

Types of seismic wave

Seismic waves are elastic waves that propagate in solid or fluid materials. They can be divided into body waves that travel through the interior of the materials; surface waves that travel along surfaces or interfaces between materials; and normal modes, a form of standing wave.

Measuring seismic waves

Seismic waves are studied by seismologists and geophysicists. Seismic wave fields are recorded by a seismometer, hydrophone (in water), or accelerometer.

See also

• Earthquake engineering
• Earthquake prediction
• Geophysics
• List of earthquakes
• Plate tectonics
• Seismic hazard
• Seismic performance
• Seismic risk
• Seismite
• Seismotectonics

External links

• Seismological Society of America
• Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology
• International Seismological Centre
• International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks

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