Transfer RNA
Transfer RNA
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of RNA (ribonucleic acid) that plays an integral role in protein synthesis. It is responsible for decoding the mRNA (messenger RNA) sequence into a protein.
Pronunciation
Transfer RNA is pronounced as /ˈtrænsfər ˌɑːrˈɛnˈeɪ/.
Etymology
The term "transfer RNA" originates from its function in transferring specific amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.
Function
tRNA's primary function is to transport amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome, where they are added to the growing polypeptide chain in accordance to the sequence of the mRNA. Each tRNA molecule is specific to one amino acid and carries an anticodon that matches a codon on the mRNA.
Structure
tRNA molecules have a unique three-dimensional structure that resembles a cloverleaf. This structure includes an anticodon loop, a D loop, a T loop, and an amino acid attachment site.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Transfer RNA
- Wikipedia's article - Transfer RNA
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