Upper motor neuron lesion

Upper Motor Neuron Lesion

Upper motor neuron lesion (UMNL) is a pathological condition involving the motor neurons in the central nervous system (CNS).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈʌpər ˈmoʊtər ˈnjuːrɒn ˈlɛʒən/

Etymology

The term "upper motor neuron lesion" is derived from the location and nature of the condition. "Upper" refers to the location of the affected neurons in the CNS, "motor neuron" refers to the type of neurons affected, and "lesion" refers to the damage or abnormality in these neurons.

Definition

An upper motor neuron lesion is a type of neurological disorder that occurs when there is damage to the motor neurons in the CNS. This damage can result from various causes, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injury.

Symptoms

Symptoms of an upper motor neuron lesion can vary depending on the location and extent of the damage. Common symptoms include muscle weakness, increased muscle tone (spasticity), decreased fine motor control, and changes in reflexes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of an upper motor neuron lesion typically involves a thorough neurological examination, including assessment of muscle strength, tone, and reflexes. Additional tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans, may also be used to help identify the location and extent of the damage.

Treatment

Treatment for an upper motor neuron lesion typically involves managing symptoms and improving function. This may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and medications to manage spasticity and other symptoms.

Related Terms

• Lower motor neuron lesion
• Motor neuron disease
• Spasticity
• Neurological disorder

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Upper motor neuron lesion
• Wikipedia's article - Upper motor neuron lesion

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