Vasospasm

Vasospasm
Synonyms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	Neurology, Cardiology
Symptoms	Headache, Vision disturbances, Nausea, Vomiting
Complications	Stroke, Myocardial infarction
Onset	Sudden
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Migraine, Raynaud's phenomenon
Risks	Smoking, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia
Diagnosis	Angiography, Transcranial Doppler, CT scan
Differential diagnosis	Aneurysm, Arterial dissection, Thrombosis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Calcium channel blockers, Nimodipine, Endovascular therapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Variable, depends on severity and treatment
Frequency	Common in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage
Deaths	N/A

Vasospasm refers to a condition where blood vessels undergo a sudden, involuntary constriction, leading to a decrease in blood flow. This can occur in any part of the body but is particularly dangerous when it happens in the brain, leading to a condition known as cerebral vasospasm.

Causes

Vasospasm can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Subarachnoid hemorrhage: This is the most common cause of vasospasm. It occurs when there is bleeding into the space surrounding the brain.
• Brain injury: Trauma to the brain can lead to vasospasm.
• Drug use: Certain drugs, particularly those that constrict blood vessels, can cause vasospasm.
• Raynaud's disease: This condition, which causes the blood vessels in the hands and feet to narrow, can lead to vasospasm.

Symptoms

The symptoms of vasospasm depend on the area of the body where it occurs. In the brain, symptoms can include:

• Severe headache
• Confusion
• Seizures
• Loss of consciousness

In other parts of the body, symptoms can include:

• Pain
• Tingling or numbness
• Coldness in the affected area

Treatment

Treatment for vasospasm depends on the cause and the severity of the symptoms. It may include:

• Medications to relax and widen the blood vessels
• Surgery to remove any blood clots or to repair damaged blood vessels
• Physical therapy to improve blood flow

See also

• Angiography
• Angioplasty
• Endovascular coiling