West Lake

West Lake Map

Leifang Pagoda Sunset

Hangzhou pic 13

West Lake at night in Hangzhou

Aerial panorama of West Lake and its surrounding mountains. December 2023

Aerial panorama of West Lake sunset and its lakeside district. December 2023

West Lake (Chinese: 西湖; Pinyin: Xī Hú) is a freshwater lake located in the historic center of Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, China. The lake is divided into five sections by three causeways and is surrounded by mountains on three sides. It has influenced poets and painters throughout Chinese history for its natural beauty and historic relics, and it has also been among the most important sources of inspiration for Chinese garden design. It was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011, under the name "The West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou".

History

The history of West Lake can be traced back to the 8th century during the Tang Dynasty, when it was a small lagoon formed by the runoff from the Qiantang River. Over centuries, the lake was enlarged and beautified by successive governments and private individuals. Notable improvements included the construction of causeways by Bai Juyi and Su Shi, two renowned poets from the Tang and Song Dynasties, respectively.

Geography

West Lake covers an area of approximately 6.5 square kilometers (2.5 sq mi) and is surrounded by mountains on three sides. The lake itself is divided into several parts by two causeways, Su Causeway and Bai Causeway, and one dike, Yanggong Dike. These divisions create smaller sections within the lake, each with its own unique scenery and attractions.

Attractions

West Lake is famous for its numerous temples, pagodas, gardens, and artificial islands. Among the most famous attractions are the Leifeng Pagoda, the Baochu Pagoda, the Solitary Hill, and the Three Pools Mirroring the Moon. The lake is also known for its ten traditional viewing points, which offer spectacular views and have been celebrated in Chinese literature and art.

Cultural Significance

The cultural landscape of West Lake has been an important source of inspiration for Chinese poets, painters, and garden designers for centuries. It embodies the ideal fusion of humans and nature in traditional Chinese culture and has played a crucial role in the development of this aesthetic throughout East Asia.

Conservation

As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, West Lake is protected under international and national laws. Efforts are made to preserve its natural beauty, cultural significance, and ecological health. This includes managing tourism, preventing pollution, and restoring historical buildings and landscapes.

In Popular Culture

West Lake has been depicted in numerous works of Chinese literature, including poems and stories. It is also a popular setting for films and television dramas in China.

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