Xanthines
Xanthines
Xanthines (/ˈzænθiːnz/), also known as purine bases, are a group of alkaloids commonly used for their effects as mild stimulants and as bronchodilators, notably in the treatment of asthma symptoms.
Etymology
The term "xanthine" is derived from the Greek word "xanthos", which means "yellow". This is in reference to the yellowish color of the crystals when they are in their pure form.
Types of Xanthines
There are three common types of xanthines:
- Theobromine - Found in chocolate and tea.
- Theophylline - Found in tea and is used as a bronchodilator.
- Caffeine - The most well-known xanthine, found in coffee, tea, and many soft drinks.
Medical Uses
Xanthines are used in the treatment of various medical conditions, including:
- Asthma - Xanthines help to relax the muscles around the bronchial tubes, allowing for easier breathing.
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - Similar to asthma, xanthines can help to alleviate symptoms of COPD.
- Sleep disorders - Certain xanthines, such as caffeine, are used to promote wakefulness.
Side Effects
Like all medications, xanthines can have side effects. These may include:
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Xanthines
- Wikipedia's article - Xanthines
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