Xenobiotic-sensing receptor
Xenobiotic-sensing receptor
Xenobiotic-sensing receptor (pronunciation: /ˌzenəbaɪˈɒtɪk ˈsɛnsɪŋ rɪˈsɛptər/), also known as XSR, is a type of protein that is capable of binding and responding to xenobiotics, which are foreign substances not naturally produced or expected to be present within an organism.
Etymology
The term "xenobiotic-sensing receptor" is derived from the Greek word "xenos" meaning stranger, and "biotic" from "bios" meaning life. This refers to the receptor's function of sensing foreign substances.
Function
Xenobiotic-sensing receptors are primarily located in the liver and intestines, where they play a crucial role in the detoxification and elimination of xenobiotics. They are responsible for the regulation of gene expression involved in the metabolism and transport of xenobiotics.
Types
There are several types of xenobiotic-sensing receptors, including the pregnane X receptor (PXR), the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Each of these receptors has a unique set of xenobiotics that it can sense and respond to.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Xenobiotic-sensing receptor
- Wikipedia's article - Xenobiotic-sensing receptor
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