Horner's Syndrome
Horner's Syndrome
Horner's Syndrome (pronounced: HOR-nerz SIN-drome) is a rare condition characterized by a combination of symptoms that occur due to the disruption of a nerve pathway from the brain to the face and eye on one side of the body.
Etymology
The condition is named after the Swiss ophthalmologist, Johann Friedrich Horner, who first described the syndrome in 1869.
Symptoms
The classic triad of symptoms in Horner's Syndrome includes:
- Miosis (constricted pupil)
- Ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid)
- Anhidrosis (lack of sweating) on the affected side of the face
Other symptoms may include Enophthalmos (the appearance of a sunken eye), changes in skin color, and loss of ciliospinal reflex.
Causes
Horner's Syndrome can be caused by any interruption in the sympathetic nerve pathway that starts in the hypothalamus of the brain and extends down to the face and eyes. This can be due to a variety of conditions such as stroke, tumor, spinal cord injury, or damage from surgery.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Horner's Syndrome is typically made through a detailed medical history, physical examination, and specific eye drop tests. Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan may be used to identify the underlying cause.
Treatment
Treatment of Horner's Syndrome focuses on addressing the underlying cause. In some cases, no treatment is necessary and the symptoms may resolve on their own.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Horner's Syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Horner's Syndrome
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