Splenic injury
Splenic Injury
Splenic injury (pronunciation: /ˈspliːnɪk ˈɪndʒəri/) refers to damage or harm to the spleen, an organ located in the upper left part of the abdomen under the rib cage.
Etymology
The term "splenic" is derived from the Greek word "splēn", which means spleen. The term "injury" comes from the Latin "injuria" meaning "wrong, injustice".
Types of Splenic Injury
Splenic injuries can be classified into several types, including:
- Splenic Rupture: This is a severe form of splenic injury where the spleen's capsule is torn, leading to internal bleeding.
- Splenic Laceration: This refers to a cut or tear in the spleen.
- Splenic Hematoma: This is a collection of blood within the spleen or in the capsule surrounding it.
Causes
Splenic injuries are most commonly caused by blunt trauma to the abdomen, such as in a car accident or fall. Other causes can include penetrating trauma, such as a gunshot or stab wound, and iatrogenic causes, such as during a surgical procedure.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a splenic injury can include abdominal pain, tenderness in the upper left part of the abdomen, dizziness, lightheadedness, and confusion due to blood loss.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of a splenic injury often involves a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as a CT scan or ultrasound.
Treatment
Treatment for a splenic injury depends on the severity of the injury. It can range from observation and bed rest for minor injuries to surgery for severe injuries or those causing significant internal bleeding.
Related Terms
- Hemoperitoneum: The presence of blood in the peritoneal cavity, often a result of splenic injury.
- Splenectomy: Surgical removal of the spleen, sometimes necessary in severe cases of splenic injury.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Splenic injury
- Wikipedia's article - Splenic injury
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