Anovulation
Anovulation
Anovulation (/ˌænoʊˈvjuːleɪʃən/) is a medical condition in which a woman does not ovulate, or release a mature egg, during her menstrual cycle. This condition is a common cause of infertility.
Etymology
The term "anovulation" is derived from the Latin word 'ovulum' meaning 'little egg' and the prefix 'an-' meaning 'without'. Thus, 'anovulation' literally means 'without the release of a little egg'.
Causes
Anovulation can be caused by a variety of factors, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypothalamic dysfunction, premature ovarian failure, and perimenopause. Other potential causes include excessive exercise, eating disorders, and certain medications.
Symptoms
Symptoms of anovulation can vary and may include irregular menstrual cycles, absence of menstrual cycles, or heavy or prolonged menstrual cycles. Other symptoms may include hirsutism, acne, and weight gain.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of anovulation typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and various tests such as blood tests, ultrasound, and possibly a laparoscopy.
Treatment
Treatment for anovulation often involves addressing the underlying cause. This may include lifestyle changes, medication, or in some cases, surgery. Medications used to treat anovulation include clomiphene citrate, letrozole, and gonadotropins.
Related Terms
- Ovulation: The release of a mature egg from the ovary.
- Menstrual cycle: The monthly cycle of changes in the ovaries and the lining of the uterus.
- Infertility: The inability to conceive after a year of regular unprotected intercourse.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Anovulation
- Wikipedia's article - Anovulation
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