B7

B7 is a family of proteins that are found on the surface of immune cells. These proteins play a crucial role in the regulation of immune response by interacting with T cells. The B7 family includes several members, such as B7-1 (also known as CD80), B7-2 (also known as CD86), and others.

Function

B7 proteins are primarily involved in the activation of T cells, a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the body's immune response. They do this by binding to receptors on the surface of T cells, such as CD28 and CTLA-4. This interaction triggers a series of events that ultimately leads to the activation of the T cell.

Structure

B7 proteins are transmembrane proteins, meaning they span the membrane of the cell. They have an extracellular domain that is responsible for binding to receptors on T cells, and a cytoplasmic domain that is involved in transmitting signals inside the cell.

Clinical significance

Because of their role in regulating the immune response, B7 proteins are of interest in the field of immunotherapy. For example, drugs that block the interaction between B7 proteins and their receptors on T cells are being used to treat certain types of cancer.

See also

• CD28
• CTLA-4
• Immunotherapy
• T cell

References

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