Fexinidazole

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Fexinidazole

Fexinidazole (pronounced: feks-in-id-a-zole) is an antiprotozoal medication used for the treatment of African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness. It is the first all-oral treatment approved for both stages of sleeping sickness.

Etymology

The term "Fexinidazole" is derived from the chemical structure of the drug, which is a 2-substituted 5-nitroimidazole.

Usage

Fexinidazole is used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. It is effective in both the first (hemolymphatic) and second (meningoencephalitic) stages of the disease. The drug is administered orally, which makes it a more convenient option than the previously used treatments that required parenteral administration.

Mechanism of Action

Fexinidazole works by inhibiting the DNA synthesis of the Trypanosoma brucei parasite, thereby killing it. The drug is a prodrug, which means it is metabolized in the body to its active form.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Fexinidazole include nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, headache, dizziness, and rash. Severe side effects may include QT prolongation, a type of heart rhythm disorder.

Related Terms

External links

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