Gray baby syndrome
Gray baby syndrome
Gray baby syndrome (pronounced: /ɡreɪ ˈbeɪbi ˈsɪndroʊm/) is a rare but serious side effect that occurs in newborn infants (especially premature babies) due to the accumulation of the antibiotic chloramphenicol.
Etymology
The term "Gray baby syndrome" is derived from the characteristic grayish discoloration observed in affected infants. The syndrome was first described in the 1950s, shortly after the introduction of chloramphenicol.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Gray baby syndrome may include a grayish color to the skin, hypotension (low blood pressure), cyanosis (blue color to the skin due to lack of oxygen), abdominal distension, vomiting, diarrhea, respiratory distress, and lethargy. In severe cases, it can lead to cardiovascular collapse and death.
Causes
Gray baby syndrome is primarily caused by the administration of high doses of chloramphenicol, especially in premature infants or newborns with impaired liver function. The immature liver in these infants is unable to metabolize and excrete the drug, leading to its accumulation and subsequent toxic effects.
Treatment
The treatment for Gray baby syndrome involves immediate discontinuation of chloramphenicol and supportive care. In some cases, hemodialysis may be required to remove the drug from the body.
Prevention
To prevent Gray baby syndrome, it is important to use chloramphenicol judiciously, especially in newborns and premature infants. The drug should be used only when absolutely necessary and in the lowest effective dose.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gray baby syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Gray baby syndrome
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