Miglitol

Information about Miglitol

Miglitol is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor which decreases intestinal absorption of carbohydrates and is used as an adjunctive therapy in the management of type 2 diabetes.

Liver safety of Miglitol

Miglitol has not been linked to instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Mechanism of action of Miglitol

Miglitol is an inhibitor of intestinal alpha-glucosidase which results in a decrease in intestinal absorption of starch, disaccharides and dextrin. The inhibition of glucosidase activity in the intestinal brush border blocks the breakdown of starch and disaccharides to absorbable monosaccharides, leading to carbohydrate malabsorption and blunting of the postprandial rise in blood glucose. Miglitol

FDA approval information for Miglitol

Miglitol was approved for use in the United States in 1996 and was the second a-glucosidase inhibitor (after acarbose) introduced into clinical practice. The current indications are for management of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes used combination with diet and exercise with or without other oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. Miglitol is available generically and under the brand name Glyset in tablets of 25, 50 and 100 mg.

Dosage and administration for Miglitol

The typical initial dose in adults is 25 mg with each meal (with the first bite) followed by a gradual increase to a maximum of 100 mg three times daily.

Side effects of Miglitol

Miglitol causes malabsorption and gastrointestinal side effects are most common and flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal boating and rash.

Antidiabetics

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
- Acarbose
- Miglitol
Incretin-Based Drugs
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Analogues
Insulin
Metformin
Metiglinide Analogues
- Nateglinide
- Repaglinide
Pramlintide
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors
Sulfonylureas
- First Generation Sulfonylureas
  - Acetohexamide
  - Chlorpropamide
  - Tolazamide
  - Tolbutamide
- Second Generation Sulfonylureas
  - Gliclazide
  - Glimepiride
  - Glipizide
  - Glyburide (Glibenclamide)
Thiazolidinediones

Miglitol

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