Monoterpene
Monoterpene (pronunciation: /ˈmɒnəʊˌtɜːpiːn/) is a class of terpenes that consists of two isoprene units and have the molecular formula C10H16. Monoterpenes may be linear (acyclic) or contain rings (cyclic). Modified terpenes, such as those containing oxygen functionality or missing a methyl group, are called monoterpenoids. Monoterpenes are the major components in plant essential oils.
Etymology
The term "Monoterpene" is derived from the Greek words "mono", meaning "one", and "terpene", which refers to a class of hydrocarbons produced primarily by plants.
Types of Monoterpenes
Monoterpenes are classified into two types: acyclic and cyclic. Acyclic monoterpenes are linear and do not contain rings, while cyclic monoterpenes contain rings in their structure.
Acyclic Monoterpenes
Some examples of acyclic monoterpenes include myrcene, ocimene, and limonene.
Cyclic Monoterpenes
Cyclic monoterpenes include compounds like pinene, sabinene, and carene.
Biological Role and Uses
Monoterpenes play a crucial role in plant defense against herbivores and pathogens. They are also used in traditional medicine, perfumery, and as potential biofuels.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Monoterpene
- Wikipedia's article - Monoterpene
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