Pentadecylic acid

A saturated fatty acid

Pentadecylic acid, also known as pentadecanoic acid, is a type of saturated fatty acid with the chemical formula C₁₅H₃₀O₂. It is a straight-chain fatty acid with fifteen carbon atoms. This fatty acid is relatively rare in nature compared to other saturated fatty acids.

Structure and Properties

Structural formula of pentadecylic acid

Pentadecylic acid is characterized by its long hydrocarbon chain and a terminal carboxylic acid group. The presence of fifteen carbon atoms classifies it as a medium-chain fatty acid. It is solid at room temperature and has a melting point of approximately 52.5 °C.

The molecular structure of pentadecylic acid can be represented as CH₃(CH₂)₁₃COOH. The carboxyl group (-COOH) is responsible for its acidic properties, allowing it to participate in typical acid-base reactions.

Occurrence

Pentadecylic acid is found in trace amounts in some dairy products, such as milk and butter. It is also present in the fat of ruminant animals. The presence of pentadecylic acid in dairy products is often used as a biomarker for the consumption of dairy fat.

Biological Role

3D molecular model of pentadecylic acid

While pentadecylic acid is not as prevalent as other fatty acids, it plays a role in the composition of cell membranes and can influence membrane fluidity. It is also involved in the synthesis of other biologically important molecules.

Industrial Applications

Pentadecylic acid is used in the production of various cosmetics and personal care products due to its emollient properties. It is also utilized in the manufacture of lubricants and surfactants.

Health Implications

Research into the health effects of pentadecylic acid is ongoing. Some studies suggest that it may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, although more research is needed to fully understand its impact.

Related Pages

• Fatty acid
• Saturated fat
• Dairy product
• Ruminant