Renal agenesis
Renal Agenesis
Renal agenesis (pronounced: /rɪˈneɪl əˈdʒɛnɪsɪs/) is a medical condition characterized by the absence of one or both kidneys at birth. The term is derived from the Latin words ren meaning kidney, and agenesis meaning lack of formation.
Etymology
The term "Renal agenesis" is derived from the Latin word renes meaning kidneys and the Greek word agenesis meaning non-formation. It was first used in medical literature in the 19th century.
Types
There are two types of renal agenesis:
- Unilateral Renal Agenesis (URA): This is when one kidney does not develop while a fetus is growing in the womb.
- Bilateral Renal Agenesis (BRA): This is a more serious condition where both kidneys fail to develop.
Symptoms
Symptoms of renal agenesis can vary greatly depending on whether it is unilateral or bilateral. In unilateral renal agenesis, there may be no symptoms as the remaining kidney often compensates for the missing one. In bilateral renal agenesis, symptoms are severe and include anuria, oligohydramnios, and pulmonary hypoplasia.
Causes
The exact cause of renal agenesis is unknown, but it is believed to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some studies suggest a link with mutations in the RET gene.
Diagnosis
Renal agenesis is usually diagnosed through ultrasound during pregnancy. Other diagnostic methods include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans.
Treatment
Treatment for renal agenesis depends on the severity of the condition. In cases of unilateral renal agenesis, no treatment may be necessary. In cases of bilateral renal agenesis, treatment options include dialysis and kidney transplant.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Renal agenesis
- Wikipedia's article - Renal agenesis
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