Congenital fourth nerve palsy
Congenital Fourth Nerve Palsy
Congenital fourth nerve palsy (pronunciation: kənˈjenətl fɔrθ nɜrv pɔlzi), also known as congenital trochlear nerve palsy, is a rare neurological disorder that is present at birth. It is caused by the underdevelopment or absence of the trochlear nerve, the fourth cranial nerve that controls the superior oblique muscle of the eye.
Etymology
The term "congenital" comes from the Latin word "congenitus", meaning "born with". "Fourth nerve" refers to the fourth cranial nerve, also known as the trochlear nerve. "Palsy" is derived from the Old French word "paralisie", meaning "paralysis".
Symptoms
The main symptom of congenital fourth nerve palsy is vertical diplopia, where the patient sees two images, one above the other. Other symptoms may include head tilt, strabismus, and nystagmus.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of congenital fourth nerve palsy is typically made through a comprehensive eye examination, which may include tests for visual acuity, eye alignment, and eye movement.
Treatment
Treatment for congenital fourth nerve palsy may include eye patching, prism glasses, or strabismus surgery. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the symptoms and the patient's age and overall health.
Related Terms
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Congenital fourth nerve palsy
- Wikipedia's article - Congenital fourth nerve palsy
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