Handigodu syndrome
Handigodu syndrome (pronunciation: han-di-go-du syn-drome) is a rare, degenerative orthopedic disorder predominantly found in certain regions of India. It is characterized by severe joint pain and progressive limb deformities.
Etymology
The term "Handigodu syndrome" is derived from the village of Handigodu in the Indian state of Karnataka, where the first cases were reported. The syndrome is also known as "Handigodu Joint Disease" or "Skeletal Fluorosis".
Symptoms
The primary symptoms of Handigodu syndrome include severe joint pain, progressive limb deformities, and restricted mobility. Other symptoms may include muscle weakness, fatigue, and anemia.
Causes
The exact cause of Handigodu syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with high levels of fluoride in drinking water and food, as well as nutritional deficiencies.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Handigodu syndrome is based on clinical examination, patient history, and radiographic findings. X-ray imaging can reveal characteristic changes in the bones and joints.
Treatment
There is currently no cure for Handigodu syndrome. Treatment is focused on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. This may include pain management, physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgical intervention.
Epidemiology
Handigodu syndrome is endemic to certain regions of India, particularly the states of Karnataka and Maharashtra. It is most common in rural areas where access to clean drinking water is limited.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Handigodu syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Handigodu syndrome
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