Angiogenesis inhibitor
Angiogenesis inhibitor
Angiogenesis inhibitors (pronounced: an-gee-oh-gen-esis in-hib-it-ors) are a class of drugs that inhibit the growth of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis. They are commonly used in the treatment of cancer as they can prevent the growth of cancerous tumors by cutting off their blood supply.
Etymology
The term "angiogenesis inhibitor" is derived from the Greek words "angeion" (meaning vessel), "genesis" (meaning origin or creation), and the Latin word "inhibitor" (meaning one who restrains).
Mechanism of action
Angiogenesis inhibitors work by blocking the signals that stimulate the growth of new blood vessels. They do this by binding to specific proteins or receptors on the surface of cells, preventing them from receiving the signals that trigger angiogenesis. This includes the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor (VEGFR), which are key players in the process of angiogenesis.
Types of angiogenesis inhibitors
There are several types of angiogenesis inhibitors, including:
- Monoclonal antibodies: These are proteins that can bind to specific targets on the surface of cells. Examples include bevacizumab (Avastin), which targets VEGF, and ramucirumab (Cyramza), which targets VEGFR.
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors: These are small molecules that can block the activity of enzymes known as tyrosine kinases, which play a key role in cell signaling. Examples include sunitinib (Sutent) and sorafenib (Nexavar).
- Endogenous inhibitors: These are naturally occurring substances in the body that can inhibit angiogenesis. Examples include endostatin and angiostatin.
Side effects
Like all drugs, angiogenesis inhibitors can have side effects. These can include high blood pressure, fatigue, bleeding, and gastrointestinal problems. It's important for patients to discuss these potential side effects with their healthcare provider before starting treatment.
Related terms
- Angiogenesis: The process of forming new blood vessels.
- Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF): A protein that stimulates the formation of new blood vessels.
- Monoclonal antibody: A type of protein made in the lab that can bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells.
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitor: A type of drug that blocks signals needed for tumors to grow.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Angiogenesis inhibitor
- Wikipedia's article - Angiogenesis inhibitor
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