Anorexia (symptom)

Anorexia (symptom)

Anorexia (/ˌænəˈrɛksiə/; from Ancient Greek: ἀν- an-, "not" + ὄρεξις órexis, "appetite") is a symptom in medicine that refers to a decreased appetite or complete loss of appetite. It is a common symptom in various diseases and conditions, and can lead to malnutrition and other serious health problems if not addressed.

Etymology

The term "anorexia" comes from the Ancient Greek words "an-", meaning "not", and "órexis", meaning "appetite". It was first used in the medical context in the 16th century to describe a loss of appetite.

Causes

Anorexia can be caused by a variety of factors, including physical illnesses such as cancer, HIV/AIDS, and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as mental health conditions like anorexia nervosa, depression, and anxiety disorders. Certain medications, such as chemotherapy drugs, can also cause anorexia.

Symptoms

In addition to a loss of appetite, individuals with anorexia may experience symptoms such as weight loss, fatigue, nausea, and abdominal pain. They may also have difficulty concentrating and may show signs of malnutrition, such as hair loss, dry skin, and brittle nails.

Treatment

Treatment for anorexia depends on the underlying cause. For physical illnesses, treating the illness itself often improves the anorexia. For mental health conditions, therapy and medication may be used. Nutritional support, including dietary changes and supplements, may also be necessary.

Related Terms

Anorexia nervosa: A mental health disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image, leading to self-imposed starvation and excessive weight loss.
Cachexia: A condition that causes extreme weight loss and muscle wasting, often seen in individuals with chronic illnesses such as cancer and HIV/AIDS.
Malnutrition: A condition that occurs when the body does not get enough nutrients.