Aphallia

Aphallia
Synonyms	Penile agenesis
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Absence of penis at birth
Complications	Urinary tract issues, infertility, psychological impact
Onset	Congenital
Duration	Lifelong
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic mutation
Risks	Genetic disorders, developmental anomalies
Diagnosis	Physical examination, genetic testing
Differential diagnosis	Micropenis, intersex conditions
Prevention	None
Treatment	Surgical reconstruction, hormone therapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Variable, depends on associated conditions
Frequency	Extremely rare, estimated 1 in 10-30 million births
Deaths	N/A

Congenital absence of the penis

Aphallia is a rare congenital condition characterized by the absence of the penis in individuals with a male karyotype. It is a type of genital anomaly that occurs during fetal development. This condition is extremely rare, with only a few cases reported in medical literature.

Etiology

Aphallia results from a failure in the development of the genital tubercle during the early stages of embryogenesis. The genital tubercle is a precursor to the penis in males and the clitoris in females. The exact cause of this developmental failure is not well understood, but it is believed to involve complex genetic and environmental factors.

Clinical Presentation

Individuals with aphallia typically present with:

• Absence of the penis
• Normal scrotum and testes
• Normal male karyotype (46,XY)
• Possible presence of a urethral opening in the perineum

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of aphallia is usually made at birth based on the physical examination. Further evaluation may include:

• Ultrasound to assess internal genital structures
• Karyotyping to confirm male chromosomal pattern
• Endocrine evaluation to assess hormone levels

Management

Management of aphallia involves a multidisciplinary approach, including:

• Surgical intervention to create a functional urinary and reproductive system
• Hormone replacement therapy if necessary
• Psychological support for the patient and family

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with aphallia varies depending on the presence of other anomalies and the success of surgical interventions. With appropriate management, individuals can lead fulfilling lives, although they may face challenges related to fertility and sexual function.

Related pages

• Congenital disorder
• Genital anomaly
• Intersex
• Hypospadias