RNA Biology
RNA Biology
RNA Biology (pronounced: /ɑːrɛnˈeɪ baɪˈɒlədʒi/) is a branch of biology that focuses on the study of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and its role in genetics, cell biology, and molecular biology.
Etymology
The term "RNA Biology" is derived from the acronym RNA, which stands for Ribonucleic Acid, and the Greek word "biology", which means the study of life.
Definition
RNA Biology is the study of the structure, function, and biological processes of RNA molecules. It involves understanding the various types of RNA, including messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and non-coding RNA (ncRNA), and their roles in protein synthesis and gene regulation.
Related Terms
- Ribonucleic Acid (RNA): A molecule similar to DNA that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and other chemical activities of the cell.
- Messenger RNA (mRNA): A type of RNA that carries genetic information from the DNA to the ribosome, where it specifies the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression.
- Transfer RNA (tRNA): A type of RNA that helps decode a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence into a protein.
- Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): A type of RNA that, together with proteins, makes up the ribosomes, the organelles that translate the mRNA.
- Non-coding RNA (ncRNA): A functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein.
- Protein Synthesis: The process in which cells build proteins according to the instructions encoded in DNA.
- Gene Regulation: The process of turning genes on and off, which helps control the amount and timing of protein production.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on RNA Biology
- Wikipedia's article - RNA Biology
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