Hernias

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Hernias

A Hernia (pronounced: /ˈhɜːrniə/) is a medical condition that occurs when an organ or fatty tissue squeezes through a weak spot in a surrounding muscle or connective tissue called fascia. The most common types of hernias are inguinal (inner groin), incisional (resulting from an incision), femoral (outer groin), umbilical (belly button), and hiatal (upper stomach).

Etymology

The term "Hernia" is derived from the Latin word "hernia", which means "a rupture". It is a term that has been used in the medical field for centuries to describe the protrusion of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening.

Types of Hernias

  • Inguinal hernia: This is the most common type of hernia. It occurs when part of the intestine or fat pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall, often in the inguinal canal.
  • Femoral hernia: This type of hernia is more common in women, especially those who are pregnant or obese. It occurs when fatty tissue or a part of the intestine protrudes into the groin at the top of the inner thigh.
  • Umbilical hernia: This type of hernia is common in newborns and women who have had many children or are obese. It occurs when part of the small intestine passes through the abdominal wall near the navel.
  • Incisional hernia: This type of hernia can occur through a scar if you have had abdominal surgery. Your intestine pushes through the scar or the surrounding, weakened tissue.
  • Hiatal hernia: This type of hernia occurs when part of your stomach protrudes up through the diaphragm into your chest cavity.

Related Terms

  • Fascia: A band or sheet of connective tissue, primarily collagen, beneath the skin that attaches, stabilizes, encloses, and separates muscles and other internal organs.
  • Abdominal wall: The abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall is split into the posterior (back), lateral (sides) and anterior (front) walls.
  • Diaphragm (anatomy): The diaphragm is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle in humans and other mammals that extends across the bottom of the thoracic cavity.

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