Fungal infections
Fungal Infections
Fungal infections (/ˈfʌŋɡəl ɪnˈfɛkʃənz/), also known as mycoses (/maɪˈkoʊsiːz/), are conditions caused by a fungus. The term 'fungus' is derived from the Latin word 'fungus' meaning 'mushroom'.
Fungal infections can affect various parts of the body, including the skin, nails, mouth, lungs, and the bloodstream. They are categorized into three types: superficial, systemic, and opportunistic.
Superficial Fungal Infections
Superficial fungal infections are infections that affect the skin or hair. They include conditions such as ringworm, athlete's foot, and jock itch. These infections are usually not life-threatening but can cause discomfort and cosmetic concerns.
Systemic Fungal Infections
Systemic fungal infections are infections that affect internal organs. They are often caused by inhaling fungal spores or by the spread of a local infection into the bloodstream. Examples include histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, and blastomycosis. These infections can be severe and life-threatening, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Opportunistic Fungal Infections
Opportunistic fungal infections are infections that occur in individuals with weakened immune systems. These infections can be caused by fungi that are usually harmless but can cause disease when the immune system is compromised. Examples include candidiasis, aspergillosis, and cryptococcosis.
Treatment
Treatment of fungal infections depends on the type and severity of the infection. Antifungal medications, such as fluconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B, are commonly used. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.
Prevention
Prevention strategies for fungal infections include maintaining good personal hygiene, avoiding contact with infected individuals or animals, and wearing protective clothing when in environments where fungal spores may be present.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Fungal infections
- Wikipedia's article - Fungal infections
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