Dirofilariasis

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Dirofilariasis (pronunciation: /ˌdaɪroʊfɪˈlɛəriəsɪs/) is a parasitic infection caused by the Dirofilaria roundworms, primarily Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens. The disease is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.

Etymology

The term "Dirofilariasis" is derived from the genus name of the worm Dirofilaria, which in turn is derived from the Greek words "diro" meaning "fearful" and "filaria" meaning "thread-like", referring to the worm's appearance.

Symptoms

Dirofilariasis often presents no symptoms in the early stages. However, as the disease progresses, symptoms may include fever, cough, blood in the sputum, chest pain, and fatigue. In severe cases, it can lead to pulmonary hypertension and heart failure.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of dirofilariasis is typically made through a combination of clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. These tests may include blood tests, chest X-rays, and in some cases, a biopsy of the lung tissue.

Treatment

Treatment for dirofilariasis typically involves the use of antiparasitic medications, such as ivermectin and doxycycline. In severe cases, surgical removal of the worms may be necessary.

Prevention

Prevention of dirofilariasis primarily involves controlling the mosquito population and using mosquito repellents. In areas where dirofilariasis is common, regular testing and preventive treatment for pets is also recommended.

See also

External links

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