Enthesitis
Enthesitis (pronounced en-thuh-SY-tis) is a medical condition characterized by inflammation at the site where a tendon, ligament, or joint capsule inserts into a bone. The term is derived from the Greek words "entheso" meaning insertion, and "-itis" indicating inflammation.
Definition
Enthesitis is a key pathological component of various forms of spondyloarthritis (SpA), including ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). It is also seen in other rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Symptoms
The main symptom of enthesitis is pain, which is often worse during certain activities or in the morning. Other symptoms may include swelling and stiffness in the affected area. The most commonly affected sites are the heel, knee, hip, and spine.
Causes
The exact cause of enthesitis is unknown, but it is thought to be related to an overactive immune response. Other factors that may contribute to the development of enthesitis include mechanical stress, genetic predisposition, and environmental triggers.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of enthesitis is typically based on a combination of patient history, physical examination, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Treatment
Treatment for enthesitis typically involves a combination of medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Medications used to treat enthesitis include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).
See also
- Spondyloarthritis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Psoriatic arthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Enthesitis
- Wikipedia's article - Enthesitis
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