Fosphenytoin

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Fosphenytoin

Fosphenytoin (pronounced: fɒsˈfɛnɪˌtuːɪn) is a water-soluble prodrug that is used to treat epileptic seizures. It is a phenytoin derivative and is converted to phenytoin in the body.

Etymology

The term "Fosphenytoin" is derived from its chemical structure, which is a phosphate ester of phenytoin. The prefix "Fos-" is derived from "phosphate", and "-phenytoin" is from the parent drug, phenytoin.

Usage

Fosphenytoin is used in the treatment of status epilepticus, a life-threatening condition in which a person has continuous seizures. It is also used to prevent seizures during neurosurgery.

Pharmacology

Fosphenytoin is a prodrug, meaning it is inactive until it is metabolized in the body. It is converted to phenytoin in the body by phosphatase enzymes, primarily in the liver. The advantage of fosphenytoin over phenytoin is its water solubility, which allows for faster and more predictable absorption.

Side Effects

Common side effects of fosphenytoin include dizziness, nausea, and headache. More serious side effects can include low blood pressure, irregular heart rate, and severe allergic reactions.

Related Terms

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