Idiopathic hypersomnia
Idiopathic Hypersomnia
Idiopathic hypersomnia (pronounced: /ˌɪdiəˈpæθɪk haɪpərˈsɒmniə/) is a rare, chronic neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and prolonged nighttime sleep. The term "idiopathic" is derived from the Greek words "idios" (one's own) and "pathos" (suffering), indicating a condition of unknown cause.
Definition
Idiopathic hypersomnia is defined by the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) as a condition of excessive sleepiness, despite a main sleep period lasting at least 7 hours, with no known cause. The condition is often associated with difficulty waking up, cognitive impairment, and other symptoms.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of idiopathic hypersomnia is excessive daytime sleepiness, which is often accompanied by prolonged nighttime sleep. Other symptoms may include difficulty waking up, cognitive impairment, and decreased alertness.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia is typically made through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and sleep studies such as polysomnography and the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT).
Treatment
Treatment for idiopathic hypersomnia often involves lifestyle modifications and medications. Stimulant medications such as modafinil and methylphenidate are commonly used to manage symptoms.
Prognosis
The prognosis for individuals with idiopathic hypersomnia varies. Some individuals may experience improvement in symptoms over time, while others may have persistent symptoms despite treatment.
Epidemiology
The prevalence of idiopathic hypersomnia is not well known, but it is considered a rare disorder. It can affect individuals of any age, but it often begins in adolescence or early adulthood.
See Also
References
External Links
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Idiopathic hypersomnia
- Wikipedia's article - Idiopathic hypersomnia
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