Restless legs syndrome

Restless Legs Syndrome

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move one's body to stop uncomfortable or odd sensations. It most commonly affects the legs, but can also affect the arms, torso, head, and even phantom limbs. Moving the affected body part modulates the sensations, providing temporary relief.

Pronunciation: /ˈrɛstlɪs leɪgz ˈsɪndroʊm/

Etymology: The term "Restless Legs Syndrome" was first used in the medical literature in 1945 by Swedish neurologist Karl-Axel Ekbom, who also provided a comprehensive description of the condition. The term "Willis-Ekbom disease" is named after Thomas Willis, a 17th-century British physician who first described the symptoms, and Karl-Axel Ekbom.

Symptoms

The hallmark symptom of RLS is a nearly irresistible urge to move the legs. This is often but not always accompanied by unpleasant sensations that are often described as creeping, crawling, tingling, pulling, or painful. These sensations typically occur in the calf area but may be experienced anywhere from the thigh to the ankle. One or both legs may be affected. For some people, the sensations are also present in the arms.

Causes

While the exact cause of RLS is unknown, it is believed to be related to abnormalities in the dopaminergic system, which controls automatic movements. Other factors that may contribute to the development of RLS include iron deficiency, kidney failure, Parkinson's disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, and certain medications.

Treatment

Treatment of RLS is targeted at reducing symptoms. This may include lifestyle changes, such as reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, regular physical activity, and quitting smoking. Medications may also be used, including dopamine agonists, benzodiazepines, opioids, and anticonvulsants.

References

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Restless legs syndrome
Wikipedia's article - Restless legs syndrome

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Restless legs syndrome